Taishan Medical University was founded in 1891 as the Medical School of Huamei Hospital. The university was co-founded with Gonghe Medical School in 1903 which was called Medical college of Qilu university later. In 1952, the Medical College of Qilu University merged with Shandong Medical College which was founded in 1932 formed the new Shandong Medical College(the campus located in Jinan city). 

In 1970, Shandong Medical College merged with Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and moved to the Loude district of Xintai county of Tai’an city(the rear office in Jinan city). The Loude Branch College of Shandong Medical College was founded in 1974 and then was moved to Tai’an City in 1979. Its name was changed into the Tai’an Branch College of Shandong Medical College. With the approval of the State Council in 1981, its name was then changed to Taishan Medical University. 

In November 2006, The school passed the first round of undergraduate course teaching evaluation by the ministry of education and got good grades. Our school is the first pilot university of outstanding doctor education training project by the ministry of education and the ministry of health (now health development planning commission); applied characteristic school project construction unit of Shandong province; the national ministry of education and health development planning commission's pilot university of clinical medicine postgraduate training pattern reform; clinical medicine undergraduate discipline is the first professional comprehensive reform pilot project to the ministry of education.