Telecommunication systems are generally designed by telecommunication
engineers which sprang from technological improvements in the telegraph
industry in the late 19th century and the radio and the telephone
industries in the early 20th century. Today, telecommunication is
widespread and devices that assist the process, such as the television,
radio and telephone, are common in many parts of the world. There are
also many networks that connect these devices, including computer
networks, public switched telephone network (PSTN),[citation needed]
radio networks, and television networks. Computer communication across
the Internet is one of many examples of telecommunication.[citation needed]
Telecommunication plays a vital role in the part of world economy and
the telecommunication industry's revenue has been placed at just under
3% of the gross world product.[citation needed]
Telegraph and telephone
Main articles: Electrical telegraph, Transatlantic telegraph cable, Invention of the telephone, and History of the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell's big box telephone, 1876, one of the first
commercially available telephones - National Museum of American History
Samuel Morse
independently developed a version of the electrical telegraph that he
unsuccessfully demonstrated on 2 September 1837. Soon after he was
joined by Alfred Vail
who developed the register — a telegraph terminal that integrated a
logging device for recording messages to paper tape. This was
demonstrated successfully over three miles (five kilometres) on 6
January 1838 and eventually over forty miles (sixty-four kilometres)
between Washington, D.C. and Baltimore on 24 May 1844. The patented invention proved lucrative and by 1851 telegraph lines in the United States spanned over 20,000 miles (32,000 kilometres).
The first successful transatlantic telegraph cable
was completed on 27 July 1866, allowing transatlantic telecommunication
for the first time. Earlier transatlantic cables installed in 1857 and
1858 only operated for a few days or weeks before they failed. The international use of the telegraph has sometimes been dubbed the "Victorian Internet".
As structural engineers,
OSP engineers are responsible for the structural design and placement
of cellular towers and telephone poles as well as calculating pole
capabilities of existing telephone or power poles onto which new plant
is being added. Structural calculations are required when boring under
heavy traffic areas such as highways or when attaching to other
structures such as bridges. Shoring also has to be taken into
consideration for larger trenches or pits. Conduit structures often
include encasements of slurry that needs to be designed to support the
structure and withstand the environment around it (soil type, high
traffic areas, etc.).
As electrical engineers,
OSP engineers are responsible for the resistance, capacitance, and
inductance (RCL) design of all new plant to ensure telephone service is
clear and crisp and data service is clean as well as reliable. Attenuation or gradual loss in intensity[citation needed]
and loop loss calculations are required to determine cable length and
size required to provide the service called for. In addition power
requirements have to be calculated and provided to power any electronic
equipment being placed in the field. Ground potential has to be taken
into consideration when placing equipment, facilities, and plant in the
field to account for lightning strikes, high voltage intercept from
improperly grounded or broken power company facilities, and from various
sources of electromagnetic interference.
As civil engineers, OSP engineers are responsible for drafting plans, either by hand or using Computer-aided design
(CAD) software, for how telecom plant facilities will be placed. Often
when working with municipalities trenching or boring permits are
required and drawings must be made for these. Often these drawings
include about 70% or so of the detailed information required to pave a
road or add a turn lane to an existing street. Structural calculations
are required when boring under heavy traffic areas such as highways or
when attaching to other structures such as bridges. As civil engineers,
telecom engineers provide the modern communications backbone for all
technological communications distributed throughout civilizations today.
Unique to telecom engineering is the use of air-core cable which
requires an extensive network of air handling equipment such as
compressors, manifolds, regulators and hundreds of miles of air pipe per
system that connects to pressurized splice cases all designed to
pressurize this special form of copper cable to keep moisture out and
provide a clean signal to the customer.
As political and social ambassador,
the OSP engineer is a telephone operating company's face and voice to
the local authorities and other utilities. OSP engineers often meet with
municipalities, construction companies and other utility companies to
address their concerns and educate them about how the telephone utility
works and operates.[citation needed]
Additionally, the OSP engineer has to secure real estate to place
outside facilities on, such as an easement to place a cross-connect box
on.
Under 45 years of age, and with good health status
1. Application Form
Please upload your finished application form here.
2. Health certificate
Photocopy of notarized foreigner physical examination record (for durations of study over 6 months)
3. Certificate/diploma of highest education
Graduation certificate in languages other
than Chinese or English should be translated into Chinese or English and
be certified by notarization.
4. Passport photo
A recent passport-sized photo of the applicant
5. Photocopy of valid passport
With name, passport number & expiration date, and photo included
6. Certificate of HSK
Certificate of HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test)
Answer: ACASC charges a service fee of 50$ for using its online application portal. Applying through ACASC into Chinese universities attracts a service fee of $50.
Answer: Yes. ACASC gives the applicants, the chance to directly apply to their desired universities through our online application portal. We have synchronized our system to create a simple platform that connects universities and colleges in China to international students all around the world.
Answer: To track the application status, please log in your ACASC personal account. Whenever there’s an update, you will be informed on your application status through ACASC system within a day as soon as we receive university’s notification. You will simultaneously receive ACASC auto-email about the application status. To directly inquire about your application status, feel free to send us an email to admission@acasc.cn and our team will keep you updated.
Answer: When an application is pending a decision it means that your school has received it and no admissions decision has been made yet. The admissions office may have reviewed your application package or may not have.
The main cause of a pending application is usually incomplete application documents. As a result you will be requested by the school’s admission office to re-check and modify all submitted application documents or perhaps even add extra documents and then re-submit them.
To avoid further delays, carefully read the university’s comments, modify your application form on ACASC, and re-upload the required application documents. You can contact ACASC on admission@acasc.cn for any help with regards to your pending application
Processing time varies for different applications. For example to process a degree program application requires more time than a Chinese language application. Confirmation for Chinese language application by the admission office usually takes 2 to 4 weeks. However, time for degree programs application differs. For example fall semester application processing is after March, and it takes a period of 1 to 2 months. This also depends on your qualification and the number of applicants.
