In archaeology, survey or field survey is a type of field research by which archaeologists (often landscape archaeologists) search for archaeological sites and collect information about the location, distribution and organization of past human cultures across a large area (e.g. typically in excess of one hectare, and often in excess of many km2). Archaeologists conduct surveys to search for particular archaeological sites or kinds of sites, to detect patterns in the distribution of material culture over regions, to make generalizations or test hypotheses about past cultures, and to assess the risks that development projects will have adverse impacts on archaeological heritage. The surveys may be: (a) intrusive or non-intrusive, depending on the needs of the survey team (and the risk of destroying archaeological evidence if intrusive methods are used) and; (b) extensiveor intensive, depending on the types of research questions being asked of the landscape in question. Surveys can be a practical way to decide whether or not to carry out an excavation (as a way of recording the basic details of a possible site), but may also be ends in themselves, as they produce important information about past human activities in a regional context.
A common role of a field survey is in assessment of the potential archaeological significance of places where development is proposed. This is usually connected to construction work and road building. The assessment determines whether the area of development impact is likely to contain significant archaeological resources and makes recommendations as to whether the archaeological remains can be avoided or an excavation is necessary before development work can commence.
Archaeologists use a variety of tools when carrying out surveys, including GIS, GPS, remote sensing, geophysical survey and aerial photography.
Specialization of various fields of surveying
Geological survey, an investigation of the subsurface of the ground to create a geological map or model.
Geophysical survey, the systematic collection of geophysical data for spatial studies.
Soil survey, the mapping of the properties and varieties of soil in a given area.
Hydrographic survey, the gathering of information about navigable waters for the purposes of safe navigation of vessels.
Construction surveying, the locating of structures relative to a reference line, used in the construction of buildings, roads, mines, and tunnels.
Deviation survey, used in the oil industry to measure a borehole's departure from the vertical.
Cave survey, the three-dimensional mapping of underground caverns.
Astronomical survey, imaging or mapping regions of the sky.
Be in good health and able to take care of himself.
Be older than 16 years old but younger than 60 years old.
Abide by Chinese laws, school rules and disciplines.
Already have a bachelor’s degree
1. Application Form
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2. Health certificate
Photocopy of notarized foreigner physical examination record (for durations of study over 6 months)
3. Photocopy of valid passport
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4. Passport photo
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5. Undergraduate school transcript
6. Bachelor's degree diploma
Graduation certificate in languages other than Chinese or English should be translated into Chinese or English and be certified by notarization.
7. Two letters of recommendation
From professor or associate professor or equivalents
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